Standard PN-EN 10269 steels and nickel alloys for fasteners

Standard PN-EN 10269 – Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specific properties at elevated and/or low temperatures

Scope of the EN 10269 standard

The PN-EN 10269 standard specifies requirements for the chemical composition, mechanical properties and delivery conditions of steels and nickel alloys intended for fasteners , which must exhibit specific properties under conditions of elevated and/or low temperatures.

The elements covered by the standard include primarily:

• Bolts, nuts, screws and other fasteners used in conditions of extreme temperatures and loads.
• Elements used in chemical, energy, petrochemical, aviation and automotive industries, where resistance to creep, corrosion and temperature fluctuations is required.

Material groups covered by the standard EN 10269

The PN-EN 10269 standard covers various grades of steel and nickel alloys that are adapted to work in demanding temperature conditions:

Ferritic and martensitic steels – characterized by high strength and good creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Examples: 1.4923 (X22CrMoV12-1) – used in the energy industry.

Austenitic steels – exhibiting good corrosion and creep resistance, often used in chemically aggressive environments. Examples:
1.4948 (X6CrNi18-10),
1.4876 (X10NiCrAlTi32-20).

Alloy steels with the addition of molybdenum, vanadium i tungsten – used under high load and creep conditions. Example:
1.7709 (21CrMoV5-7).

Nickel alloys – designed for applications at extremely high temperatures and in highly chemically aggressive environments. Example: 2.4851 (NiCr23Fe).

Chemical composition requirements

The standard precisely defines content of alloying elementswhich influence the mechanical properties and resistance of materials:
Chromium (Cr) – increases resistance to corrosion and high temperature.
Nickel (Ni) – improves ductility and creep resistance.

Molybdenum (Mo),
Vanadium (V),
Tungsten (W)
– enhance creep resistance and increase durability.

Titanium (Ti),
Niobium (Nb)
– stabilize the structure and improve the durability of materials at high temperatures.

Mechanical properties specified in the EN 10269 standard

Materials used for fasteners must meet certain requirements regarding:

• Tensile strength (Rm),
• Yield strength (Rp0,2),
• Elongation after break (A%),
• Impact strength (KV) at different temperatures, including cryogenic conditions (-20°C, -40°C),
• Creep resistance, which is crucial for components operating at high temperatures under load.

Delivery conditions and heat treatment

The standard also specifies the preparation and heat treatment of materials to ensure appropriate mechanical and microstructural properties. These methods include:

• Annealing – used to improve ductility and stabilize the structure.
• Hardening i letting go – increasing strength and creep resistance.
• Normalization – used for ferritic steels to obtain an optimal microstructure.

Testing and certification in accordance with PN-EN 10269

Materials covered by the standard are subject to rigorous testing to ensure they meet technical requirements. These include:

• Chemical composition analysis – using optical spectrometry.
• Mechanical testing – tensile, hardness and impact tests.
• Creep resistance tests – at high temperatures for a long time.
• Microstructure studies – control of the effect of heat treatment on material properties.

The PN-EN 10269 standard – Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified properties at elevated and/or low temperatures – defines requirements for materials used in the most demanding industrial environments. It covers ferritic, martensitic , and austenitic steels, as well as nickel alloys, which must meet stringent standards for chemical composition, mechanical properties, and creep and corrosion resistance.

The standard is applicable in the energy, chemical and petrochemical industries, as well as in structures exposed to extreme temperatures and mechanical loads, ensuring the safety and reliability of fasteners.

Description of steel grades in accordance with the PN-EN 10269 standard

Below is a detailed description of each steel grade covered by EN 10269 along with their properties, applications and characteristics.

1.1133 – 20Mn5

• Type: Low-alloy structural carbon steel.
• Chemical composition (for example):
  • C: 0,17–0,22%
  • Mn: 1,10–1,40%
  • Si: ≤ 0,40%
• properties:
  • Good ductility and impact strength.
  • Possibility of thermal improvement.
  • Good weldability.
• Application:
  • Structural elements in the machinery and construction industry.
  • Shafts, axles, parts operating under dynamic load.

1.1181 – C35E

• Type: Medium carbon steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,32–0,39%
  • Mn: 0,50–0,80%
  • Si: 0,10–0,40%
• properties:
  • Good machinability.
  • Suitable for surface hardening.
  • Medium abrasion resistance.
• Application:
  • Mechanical parts exposed to friction (gears, pins).
  • Elements requiring medium strength.

1.1191 – C45E

• Type: High-strength carbon steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,42–0,50%
  • Mn: 0,50–0,80%
  • Si: 0,10–0,40%
• properties:
  • High mechanical strength.
  • Possibility of hardening.
  • Average fatigue resistance.
• Application:
  • Shafts, axles, screws, fasteners.
  • Machine parts subjected to high loads.

1.4301 – X5CrNi18-10

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304).
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,07%
  • Cr: 17,5–19,5%
  • Ni: 8,0–10,5%
• properties:
  • Very good corrosion resistance.
  • Good ductility and weldability.
  • High temperature resistance.
• Application:
  • Food, chemical, medical industries.
  • Tanks, pipes, stainless steel fittings.

1.4303 – X4CrNi18-12

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,05%
  • Cr: 17–19%
  • Ni: 11–13%
• properties:
  • Higher corrosion resistance than 1.4301.
  • Good oxidation resistance.
  • Excellent formability and weldability.
• Application:
  • Pharmaceutical and chemical industry.
  • Food and medical equipment.

1.4307 – X2CrNi18-9

• Type: Low carbon stainless steel (AISI 304L).
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 17,5–19,5%
  • Ni: 8,0–10,5%
• properties:
  • Lower carbon content improves resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • Good weldability and ductility.
• Application:
  • Chemical, food and pharmaceutical industries.
  • Installations operating in aggressive environments.

1.4401 – X5CrNiMo17-12-2

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316).
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,07%
  • Cr: 16,5–18,5%
  • Ni: 10–13%
  • Mo: 2,0–2,5%
• properties:
  • High corrosion resistance, especially in marine environments.
  • Resistance to pitting corrosion thanks to molybdenum.
• Application:
  • Chemical and marine industry.
  • Installations exposed to chlorine.

1.4404 – X2CrNiMo17-12-2

• Type: Low carbon stainless steel (AISI 316L).
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 16,5–18,5%
  • Ni: 10–13%
  • Mo: 2,0–2,5%
• properties:
  • Reduced carbon content increases resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • Excellent chemical resistance.
• Application:
  • Medical and pharmaceutical equipment.
  • Equipment used in aggressive chemical environments.

1.4429 – X2CrNiMoN17-13-3

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel with nitrogen addition.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 16,5–18,5%
  • Ni: 12–14%
  • Mo: 2,5–3,0%
  • N: 0,12–0,22%
• properties:
  • Higher resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking.
  • Increased mechanical strength.
• Application:
  • Fasteners operating in aggressive chemical environments.
  • Medical and pharmaceutical equipment.

1.4567 – X3CrNiCu18-9-4

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel with the addition of copper.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 17–19%
  • Ni: 8–10%
  • Cu: 3,0–4,0%
• properties:
  • Good corrosion resistance, especially in acidic environments.
  • Increased resistance to stress corrosion cracking thanks to Cu.
  • Very good machinability.
• Application:
  • Fasteners and chemical fittings.
  • Medical and pharmaceutical equipment.

1.4910 – X3CrNiMoBN17-13-3

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel with added boron.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,02%
  • Cr: 16,5–18,5%
  • Ni: 12–14%
  • Mo: 2,5–3,5%
  • B: 0,0008–0,004%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to creep and pitting corrosion.
  • High mechanical stability at high temperatures.
  • Good resistance to aggressive chemical agents.
• Application:
  • Elements of nuclear reactors.
  • Elements of turbines and energy installations.

1.4913 – X19CrMoNbVN11-1

• Type: Creep-resistant alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,08–0,12%
  • Cr: 10–12%
  • Mo: 0,3–0,6%
  • Nb: 0,02–0,05%
  • V: 0,2–0,4%
• properties:
  • Very good creep and high temperature resistance.
  • Good oxidation resistance.
• Application:
  • Parts of boilers and gas turbines.
  • Fasteners for the energy industry.

1.4919 – X6CrNiMoB17-12-2

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel with boron.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 16–18%
  • Ni: 10,5–13%
  • Mo: 2,0–2,5%
  • B: 0,0005–0,004%
• properties:
  • Good corrosion and creep resistance.
  • Used in high temperature conditions.
• Application:
  • Energy and chemical industry.
  • Reactor and heat exchanger components.

1.4923 – X22CrMoV12-1

• Type: Creep-resistant ferritic steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,17–0,23%
  • Cr: 10–12,5%
  • Mo: 0,8–1,2%
  • V: 0,2–0,5%
• properties:
  • High creep and oxidation resistance.
  • Excellent structural stability.
• Application:
  • Turbine and heat exchanger parts.
  • Energy industry.

1.4938 – X12CrNiMoV12-3

• Type: High-strength martensitic steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,08–0,15%
  • Cr: 11,5–13%
  • Ni: 3,0–4,5%
  • Mo: 1,0–1,5%
• properties:
  • Very good creep resistance.
  • High mechanical strength.
• Application:
  • Steam and gas turbine components.
  • Screws and fasteners for high temperatures.

1.4941 – X6CrNiTiB18-10

• Type: Titanium stabilized austenitic stainless steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,03%
  • Cr: 17–19%
  • Ni: 8–11%
  • Ti: ≥ 5 × C%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to intergranular corrosion.
  • Structural stability at high temperatures.
• Application:
  • Elements of chemical and petrochemical installations.

1.4948 – X6CrNi18-10

• Type: Austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304H).
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,04–0,08%
  • Cr: 17–19%
  • Ni: 8–11%
• properties:
  • Increased creep resistance due to higher carbon content.
  • Good corrosion resistance at high temperatures.
• Application:
  • Energy installations and chemical industry.

1.4980 – X6NiCrTiMoVB25-15-2

• Type: Nickel-based high-temperature steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • Ni: 23–27%
  • Cr: 14–17%
  • Mo: 1,0–2,5%
• properties:
  • Very good creep resistance.
  • High strength at temperatures above 600°C.
• Application:
  • Components of aircraft and energy turbines.

1.4982 – X10CrNiMoMnNbVB15-10-1

• Type: High temperature alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • Ni: 10–12%
  • Cr: 14–16%
  • Mo: 1,0–2,5%
• properties:
  • Good creep and high temperature corrosion resistance.
• Application:
  • Turbine and heat exchanger components.

1.4986 – X7CrNiMoBNb16-16

• Type: High-strength heat-resistant steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • Ni: 15–17%
  • Cr: 15–17%
  • Mo: 1,5–2,5%
• properties:
  • Very good corrosion and creep resistance.
• Application:
  • Aerospace, energy, chemical industries.

1.5511 – 35B2

• Type: Heat-treated boron steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,32–0,39%
  • Mn: 0,60–0,90%
  • B: 0,0008–0,005%
• properties:
  • Good hardenability thanks to boron.
  • High mechanical strength after hardening.
  • Suitable for cold forming and machining.
• Application:
  • Fasteners, high-strength screws.
  • Springs and structural elements in the automotive industry.

1.5523 – 19MnB4

• Type: Low carbon boron steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,17–0,22%
  • Mn: 1,00–1,30%
  • B: 0,0008–0,005%
• properties:
  • Good hardenability with low carbon content.
  • High abrasion resistance.
  • Easy to form and weld.
• Application:
  • Machine elements exposed to heavy loads.
  • Automotive and agricultural industry (gears, shafts, pins).

1.5662 – X8Ni9

• Type: Low-alloy steel with high nickel content, resistant to low temperatures.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: ≤ 0,10%
  • Ni: 8,0–10,0%
  • Mn: 0,30–0,80%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to low temperatures (up to -196°C).
  • High impact strength at low temperatures.
  • Good weldability.
• Application:
  • Cryogenic tanks and LNG pipelines.
  • Structures operating in extremely low temperatures.

1.5680 – X12Ni5

• Type: Nickel steel resistant to low temperatures.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,08–0,13%
  • Ni: 4,5–5,5%
  • Mn: 0,50–0,90%
• properties:
  • Good resistance to brittle fracture.
  • Structural stability at low temperatures.
  • High strength and plasticity.
• Application:
  • Aerospace and cryogenic structures.
  • Elements requiring resistance to low temperatures.

1.6563 – 41NiCrMo7-3-2

• Type: Alloy steel for heat treatment.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,38–0,44%
  • Ni: 1,40–1,80%
  • Cr: 0,90–1,20%
  • Mo: 0,15–0,25%
• properties:
  • Very good hardenability and fatigue resistance.
  • High tensile strength.
  • Resistance to creep and fatigue cracking.
• Application:
  • Engine components, crankshafts, axles.
  • Gas and steam turbine components.

1.6580 – 30CrNiMo8

• Type: High-strength heat-treatable alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,26–0,34%
  • Ni: 1,80–2,20%
  • Cr: 1,20–1,50%
  • Mo: 0,30–0,50%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to dynamic loads.
  • High hardenability and fatigue resistance.
  • Resistance to abrasive wear.
• Application:
  • Aerospace and automotive industries.
  • Elements subjected to high dynamic loads.

1.6582 – 34CrNiMo6

• Type: High-strength heat-treatable alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,30–0,38%
  • Ni: 1,30–1,70%
  • Cr: 1,30–1,70%
  • Mo: 0,15–0,30%
• properties:
  • Very good fatigue resistance.
  • High hardness after hardening and tempering.
  • Good resistance to dynamic loads.
• Application:
  • Aviation and automotive components.
  • Turbine parts, shafts, gears.

1.7218 – 25CrMo4

• Type: Chromium-molybdenum alloy steel for heat treatment.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,22–0,29%
  • Cr: 0,90–1,20%
  • Mo: 0,15–0,30%
• properties:
  • High creep and fatigue resistance.
  • Good wear resistance.
  • Easy heat treatment and machinability.
• Application:
  • Aerospace and automotive industries.
  • Turbine and engine components.

1.7225 – 42CrMo4

• Type: Chromium-molybdenum alloy steel for heat treatment.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,38–0,45%
  • Cr: 0,90–1,20%
  • Mo: 0,15–0,30%
• properties:
  • Very good hardenability and resistance to dynamic loads.
  • High resistance to abrasion and fatigue.
  • Good machinability and weldability after appropriate treatment.
• Application:
  • Transmission components, shafts, axles, pins.
  • Components of construction and agricultural machinery.

1.7233 – 42CrMo5-6

• Type: Heat-treated alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,38–0,45%
  • Cr: 0,90–1,20%
  • Mo: 0,40–0,60%
• properties:
  • Better creep resistance compared to 42CrMo4.
  • High resistance to abrasion and thermal fatigue.
  • Good mechanical strength at elevated temperatures.
• Application:
  • Gas and steam turbine components.
  • Screws and fasteners operating at high temperatures.

1.7390 – X15CrMo5-1

• Type: Heat-resistant chrome-molybdenum alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,12–0,18%
  • Cr: 4,0–6,0%
  • Mo: 0,45–0,65%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to creep and high temperatures.
  • Resistance to oxidation and corrosion in chemically aggressive environments.
  • Good structural stability with prolonged exposure to high temperatures.
• Application:
  • Gas and steam turbine components.
  • Elements of high-temperature boilers.

1.7709 – 21CrMoV5-7

• Type: Creep-resistant chrome-molybdenum-vanadium steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,18–0,25%
  • Cr: 1,80–2,50%
  • Mo: 0,80–1,20%
  • V: 0,20–0,40%
• properties:
  • High creep strength at temperatures above 500°C.
  • Resistance to high temperature corrosion.
  • Very good microstructural stability.
• Application:
  • Turbine components, valves and high-temperature screws.
  • Components of boilers and heat exchangers.

1.7711 – 40CrMoV4-6

• Type: High-strength alloy steel.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,36–0,44%
  • Cr: 0,90–1,20%
  • Mo: 0,20–0,50%
  • V: 0,25–0,50%
• properties:
  • Very good resistance to high temperatures and dynamic loads.
  • Resistance to creep and thermal fatigue.
  • Can be hardened in oil and water.
• Application:
  • Turbine and gearbox components.
  • Aerospace and energy industries.

1.7729 – 20CrMoVTiB4-10

• Type: High-temperature alloy steel with the addition of boron and titanium.
• Chemical composition:
  • C: 0,17–0,22%
  • Cr: 1,80–2,20%
  • Mo: 0,80–1,20%
  • Ti: 0,03–0,07%
  • B: 0,0005–0,005%
• properties:
  • High resistance to creep and thermal fatigue.
  • Structural stability at elevated temperatures.
  • Good corrosion resistance in aggressive environments.
• Application:
  • Components of nuclear reactors and gas turbines.
  • Screws and fasteners in the energy industry.

2.4669 – NiCr15Fe7TiAl

• Type: A high-temperature nickel-chromium-iron alloy.
• Chemical composition:
  • Ni: 55–60%
  • Cr: 14–16%
  • Fe: 5,0–8,0%
  • Ti: 2,0–3,0%
  • Al: 1,0–2,0%
• properties:
  • Very good creep and oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
  • High mechanical strength up to 1000°C.
  • Resistance to gas corrosion and oxidizing atmospheres.
• Application:
  • Components of aircraft engines and gas turbines.
  • Chemical and energy industry.

2.4952 – NiCr20TiAl

• Type: High temperature nickel-chromium alloy with titanium and aluminum.
• Chemical composition:
  • Ni: 65–70%
  • Cr: 19–21%
  • Ti: 2,5–3,5%
  • Al: 1,0–2,0%
• properties:
  • High creep resistance at temperatures above 800°C.
  • Very good resistance to gas corrosion and oxidation.
  • Stability of the microstructure under long-term exposure to high temperatures.
• Application:
  • Turbine and jet engine components.
  • Energy industry and high-temperature heat exchangers.

Check other steel standards according to PN, PN-EN, DIN, GOST, OST, ASTM, AFNOR, AISI and others