Stainless steel 1.4313, corrosion-resistant steel, X3CrNiMo13-4 PN-EN 10088-1:1998 , C39NiL, F6NM, 13Cr-4Ni, X5CrNi134, Z6CN13-4, 08KH12N4GSML, 08Х12Н4ГСМЛ, S41500, SS 2385
Materials available at Alfa-Tech 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 / F6NM
1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 / F6NM bars – hot rolled, peeled and drawn
Flat bars 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 / F6NM
Forged bars 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 / F6NM
Forgings 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 / F6NM – free-form, forged cubes and shafts
Phone: +48 63 2610519
kontakt@alfa-tech.com.pl
Comparison of the composition of steel 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 with substitutes F6NM, 13Cr-4Ni, C39NiL, X5CrNi134, Z6CN13-4, 08KH12N4GSML, 08Х12Н4ГСМЛ, S41500, SS 2385
| Type steel | Norma | Chemical composition (%) | |||||||||
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cu | Cr | Ni | Mo | other | ||
| X3CrNiMo13-4 1.4313 | PN/EN | Max 0,05 | Max 1,50 | Max 0,70 | Max 0,040 | Max 0,015 | 12,00 14,00 | 3,50 4,50 | 0,30 0,70 | N min 0,020 | |
| 08H12N4GSML 08Ch12N4GSML 08KH12N4GSML 08Х12Н4ГСМЛ | GOST | Max 0,05 | Max 1,50 | Max 1,00 | Max 0,035 | Max 0,035 | 11,50 13,50 | 3,50 5,00 | Max 1,00 | cast steel | |
| C39NiH C39NiL X3CrNiMo13-4 | ISO | Max 0,08 Max 0,05 | Max 1,50 0,50 1,00 | Max 1,00 Max 0,70 | Max 0,035 max 0,030 max 0,040 | Max 0,035 max 0,030 max 0,015 | 11,50 13,50 12,00 14,00 | 3,50 5,00 3,05 4,50 | Max 1,00 0,30 1,00 | cast steel | |
| X 5 CrNi 13 4 X5CrNi134 | SNV/VSN | Max 0,07 | Max 1,50 | Max 1,00 | Max 0,035 | Max 0,025 | 12,00 13,30 | 3,50 4,50 | 0,40 0,60 | ||
| Z 6 CN 13-4 Z6CN13-4 Z6CN134 | AFNOR | Max 0,06 | Max 1,00 | Max 0,75 | Max 0,040 | Max 0,015 | 12,00 13,50 | 3,50 4,50 | 0,30 0,50 | ||
| S 41500 / F6NM / 13Cr-4Ni S41500 / F-6NM / 13Cr4Ni | US | Max 0,05 | 0,50 1,00 | Max 0,60 | Max 0,030 | Max 0,030 | 11,50 14,00 | 3,50 5,50 | 0,50 1,00 | ||
| 0Cr13Ni5Mo | GB / T | Max 0,05 | 0,50 1,00 | Max 0,60 | Max 0,030 | Max 0,030 | 11,50 14,00 | 3,50 5,50 | 0,50 1,00 | ||
| SS 2385 SS2385 | SS | Max 0,10 | Max 1,00 | Max 1,00 | Max 0,045 | Max 0,030 | 12,00 14,00 | 5,00 6,00 | |||
Martensitic stainless steel 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4 (C39NiL, X5CrNi13-4, Z6CN13-4, 08Х12Н4ГСМЛ, S41500, SS 2385) – description and parameters
General characteristics
1.4313 (X3CrNiMo13-4) is a low-carbon martensitic stainless steel with increased strength and good impact toughness after quenching and tempering. It offers better corrosion resistance than classic 13% Cr grades (e.g., 1.4021 / 1.4034) while also achieving high strength and hardness. The grade is magnetic, designed for fatigue loads and operation in aqueous and mildly corrosive environments.
Type of use
- Pump components (shafts, impellers, housings), water and hydraulic fittings.
- Compressor and turbine parts (blades, discs, sleeves) – in a heat-treated condition.
- Gears, drive shafts, gears, pins, support elements.
- Machine parts for the energy, maritime and mining industries.
Properties at elevated temperatures
| Temperature | Linear expansion coefficient α (10⁻⁶/K) (from 20 °C) | Elastic modulus E (GPa) |
|---|---|---|
| 100 ° C | 10,5 | 195 |
| 200 ° C | 10,9 | 185 |
| 300 ° C | 11,3 | 175 |
| 400 ° C | 11,6 | 170 |
Properties of steel 1.4313 – X3CrNiMo13-4 at elevated temperatures
| Parameter | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength Rm | 650–830 MPa | after thermal improvement |
| Yield strength Rp0,2 | ≥ 520 MPa | min. |
| Elongation A | ≥ 12% | min. |
| Elastic modulus E | ~ 220 GPa | 20 ° C |
| Hardness HB | ~ 200–270 HB | depending on the tempering temperature |
| Impact strength (KV) | typically high | good ductility for a martensitic steel |
Physical properties
| Size | Value | Unit | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 7,70 | g / cm³ | 20 ° C |
| Heat capacity cp | ~ 430 | J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ | 20 ° C |
| Thermal conductivity λ | ~ 25 | W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ | 20 ° C |
| Magneticity | so | martensitic structure |
Heat and plastic treatment – process recommendations
| Process | Temperature range | Tips |
|---|---|---|
| Forging | 1150-900°C | Cool in air or on a bed; avoid long downtimes at 700–900 °C |
| Rolling | 1150-900°C | intense hardening in the upper range, ending above 900 °C |
| Soft annealing | 600-650°C | structural alignment, stress reduction |
| Hardening | 950-1050°C | air/oil cooling (depending on the cross-section); immediately after hardening – tempering |
| Letting go | 520-700°C | temperature selection for the required Rm/Rp0,2 and KV; typical conditions: QT700–QT780 |
Weldability and machining
- Weldability: possible, but requires a regime – recommended preheating ~150–250 °C for larger cross-sections, control of the energy input, tempering/stress relief at 600–650 °C immediately after welding to limit the brittleness of martensite.
- Machining: Good in the tempered condition; use sharp tools and coolant. Machinability similar to AISI 420 grades in the tempered condition.
- Surface treatment: Grinding and polishing improve corrosion resistance (limiting overheating zones and residual stresses).
Corrosion resistance – usage tips
- Better than the classic 13% Cr thanks to the addition of Ni and Mo, but lower than in austenitic steels (e.g. 1.4301/1.4404).
- Environments: fresh water, slightly saline, many industrial media of moderate aggressiveness.
- Avoid prolonged operation in the 400–600 °C zone without tempering – risk of temper embrittlement.
Available forms and equivalents
In grade 1.4313 (X3CrNiMo13-4) and equivalents (C39NiL, X5CrNi13-4, Z6CN13-4, 08KH12N4GSML / 08Х12Н4ГСМЛ, S41500, SS 2385) we offer:
- rolled bars,
- forged bars,
- open-die forgings.
Design notes
- The selection of the tempering temperature allows for precise control of the compromise strength ↔ impact strength depending on the application (pumps vs. fasteners).
- For components exposed to cavitation and fatigue, prefer conditions with higher impact strength (higher tempering temperatures) and high surface quality.
- After heat treatment, grinding and passivation are recommended to maximize corrosion resistance in water.
See also other stainless steels
2H13 – chrome steel x20cr13, 1.4021, AISI 420
4H13 – chrome steel 4h13, x46cr13, 1.4034
H17 – high-chromium steel X6Cr17, 1.4016, AISI 430
2H17N2 – chrome-nickel steel 1.4057, 1.4044
3H17M – chrome-molybdenum steel X39CrMo17-1, 1.4122
H18 – high-chromium steel 1.4112, 1.4125, AISI 440C
Stainless steels according to PN – EN, DIN, ASTM, AISI, GB/T, AFNOR, ISO and others that do not have an equivalent according to the older PN standards
1.4418 – chromium-nickel-molybdenum X4CrNiMo16-5-1
1.4313 – chromium-nickel-molybdenum X3CrNiMo13-4, F6NM, 13Cr-4Ni
1.4542 – chrome-nickel-copper X5CrNiCuNb16-4, 17-4PH
See descriptions of other high-alloy special steels
high-alloy steels for operation at elevated temperatures
stainless steel
heat-resistant and creep-resistant steel
acid-resistant stainless steels
Frequently asked questions (FAQ) – steel 1.4313 / X3CrNiMo13-4
1) What is 1.4313 (X3CrNiMo13-4) steel?
This is a low-carbon martensitic stainless steel with approximately 13% Cr with the addition of Ni and Mo, combining increased strength with good impact strength and moderate corrosion resistance.
2) Where is 1.4313 most often used?
In parts of pumps, compressors and turbines (shafts, impellers, bushings), in the energy, marine and hydraulic industries, where fatigue strength and operation in a water environment are required.
3) What are the typical mechanical properties at ambient temperature?
Rm approx. 650–830 MPa, Rp0,2 ≥ 520 MPa, A ≥ 12%, hardness typically 200–270 HB depending on the tempering temperature.
4) How do the elastic modulus and thermal expansion behave at higher temperatures?
The modulus E decreases from ~195 GPa (100°C) to ~170 GPa (400°C) and the linear expansion coefficient α increases from ~10,5×10⁻⁶/K to ~11,6×10⁻⁶/K in the same range.
5) What is the corrosion resistance of 1.4313?
Better than classic 13% Cr steels without Ni (e.g. 1.4021/1.4034), but weaker than austenitic 1.4301/1.4404. Performs well in water and moderately aggressive media.
6) Is 1.4313 magnetic?
Yes. The martensitic structure gives it ferromagnetic properties.
7) What are the basic heat treatment parameters?
Hardening: 950–1050°C with air/oil cooling; tempering: 520–700°C selected to the required Rm/Rp0,2 and impact strength; soft annealing: 600–650°C.
8) Is 1.4313 suitable for welding?
Yes, but it requires a regime: preheating for larger cross-sections, control of linear energy and post-weld tempering (e.g. 600–650°C) to limit martensite embrittlement.
9) What does plastic processing and machining look like?
Forging/rolling: 1150–900°C with controlled cooling. Machining is good in the tempered condition; sharp tools and effective cooling are recommended.
10) What are the basic physical properties?
Density ~7,70 g/cm³, specific heat ~430 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ (20°C), thermal conductivity ~25 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ (20°C).
11) How to choose the tempering temperature for the application?
Lower tempering temperatures increase strength and hardness at the expense of impact strength; higher tempering temperatures increase ductility and fatigue crack resistance – beneficial for pumps and components exposed to cavitation.
12) In what forms is it available?
Rolled bars, forged bars and open-die forgings in grade 1.4313 and its equivalents (including C39NiL, X5CrNi13-4, Z6CN13-4, S41500, SS 2385).